Understanding Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is a type of cancer that originates in the lymphatic system, which is part of the body’s immune system. It affects the lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow, and other organs. Dr. Sayoni Bhanja, one of the best lady oncologists in Kolkata, shares an overview of this condition, its symptoms, causes, and treatment options.

What is Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma?

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma refers to a group of cancers that begin in the lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell that plays a key role in the body’s immune response. NHL can be classified into various subtypes based on the characteristics of the lymphoma cells. While some cases of NHL progress slowly (indolent), others grow rapidly (aggressive).

Causes and Risk Factors

The exact cause of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is unknown, but several factors may increase the risk of developing NHL, including:

• Weakened immune system (due to conditions like HIV/AIDS or certain medications)

• Infections (such as Epstein-Barr virus or Helicobacter pylori)

• Age (it is more common in people over 60)

• Family history of lymphoma

• Exposure to chemicals (such as pesticides or solvents)

Symptoms of Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma

The symptoms of NHL can vary depending on the stage and type, but common signs include:

• Swollen, painless lymph nodes (often in the neck, armpits, or groin)

• Unexplained weight loss

• Fever and night sweats

• Fatigue and weakness

• Itchy skin or rash

Treatment Options

Treatment for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma depends on the type and stage of the disease. Dr. Sayoni Bhanja, the best lady oncologist in Kolkata, often recommends a combination of the following treatments:

• Chemotherapy – The use of drugs to kill cancer cells.

• Radiation therapy – Targeted use of high-energy rays to destroy cancerous cells.

• Immunotherapy – Boosting the body’s immune system to fight cancer.

• Stem cell transplant – A procedure to replace damaged bone marrow.

Early diagnosis and treatment significantly improve the chances of successful treatment. If you notice any of the symptoms or have concerns, it’s essential to consult with an oncologist like Dr. Sayoni Bhanja for further evaluation and guidance.